澳门六合彩

On January 11th, the (OSTP) officially designated 2023 the Year of Open Science, an opportunity to formally recognize the impact of open and equitable research. Open science, in its many forms, has many benefits. It can increase the return on the public鈥檚 investment in science, more closely connect science to societal priorities, and enable large, interdisciplinary teams to address interconnected challenges.聽

The OSTP Open Science recognizes the potential for open science to build on investments in research and innovation, and 鈥減rovide access to the results of the nation鈥檚 taxpayer-supported research, accelerate discovery and innovation, promote public trust, and drive more equitable outcomes.鈥�

The multi-agency initiative kicks off the year with a series of actions to advance open science at the federal level. For example, (CENDI) and the launched an for learning about federal open science initiatives. NASA鈥檚 program plans to advance open science throughout the agency with , to help participants learn open science principles and best practices. The Directorate for Geosciences at NSF released a for research activities, from data to physical tools, that incorporate open science principles.聽

Alongside these commitments, OSTP and the National Science and Technology Council also released an official definition of open science for the U.S. government, a welcome opportunity to clarify the scope and impact of this potentially transformative yet elusive 鈥渋nclusive construct that combines various movements and practices鈥� ().

Open science is 鈥渢he principle and practice of making research products and processes available to all, while respecting diverse cultures, maintaining security and privacy, and fostering collaborations, reproducibility, and equity.鈥� (Definition of open science per聽

In its most common understanding, open science makes the products of science available to all. Open access is a set of principles and a range of practices through which research outputs are distributed online, free of cost or other access barriers. Open data can be freely used, re-used, and redistributed by anyone - subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and share alike. As highlighted in last year鈥檚 event Open Data: What鈥檚 Next in Policy and Practice?, open data involves more than just putting datasets online. It is clear that truly accessible and equitable open data requires tools, resources, collaboration and standardization.

Equally important and potentially even more transformative to the way we think about science, the OSTP definition also highlights open science as the practice of making the process of science available to all. In the recent UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science, fostering a culture of open science includes bringing in voices beyond the traditional scientific community. Community science, citizen science, crowdsourcing, and other forms of participatory science can help 鈥渧alue inputs from social actors,鈥� and open tools like open source software and hardware can be 鈥渋mportant agents of interaction.鈥� According to Chris Marcum, Assistant Director for Open Science and Data Policy, White House Office of Science & Technology Policy, 鈥渨e need to ensure communities are engaged in providing data, engaged in using this data, [and] are also asking the questions that are interesting to them.鈥�

Previous work in the Science and Technology Innovation Program, and with collaborators, highlights the potential of opening the process of science, in addition to its products. For example, Building Blocks for Better Science profiles 16 tools for science that are causing us to rethink the boundaries of scientific research, describing the ingenuity that led to their creation and use. Science Stack: Tools within Reach demonstrates the diversity of low-cost and open source tools in regards to research topic, cost, openness, and beyond, while highlighting how these tools are changing science and benefitting society. Open Hardware: An Opportunity to Build Better Science makes the case for a national science strategy that prioritizes open hardware, compiling key messages collected from and.

Next Steps from STIP

However, the vast majority of open science initiatives center on opening scientific products. Of the commitments made by the Administration in January, only a few go beyond making scientific research and data more accessible to broaden who can participate in the process of science.聽

Future work in the Science and Technology Innovation Program will address this opportunity. We plan to:

• Look at the benefits and impact that come with broadening open science agendas to encompass both open processes and products at the federal level.聽
• Find areas of alignment with the benefits of open science and the missions of different federal programs.聽
• Better understand the opportunities and barriers for making open science the 鈥渨ay we do science鈥� in government, and beyond.聽

Through these initiatives, we hope that our work can contribute to the 鈥淵ear of Open Science鈥� by broadening understanding of open science鈥檚 scope, identifying lesser known assets of open science, and providing a clear path for policymakers looking to support open science initiatives.