澳门六合彩

Quotes

• Nina Jankowicz

  鈥淪uffice it to say that actors like China, Iran and Russia are using the same gender-based tropes and tactics that we鈥檝e identified鈥攖hat are being used in the domestic discourse鈥攅ffectively weaponizing our society鈥檚 own endemic misogyny in order to discredit these women and their work. As Jane pointed out in the introduction, this makes gender-based disinformation a national security issue as well as one that affects women鈥檚 political participation.鈥� 

  鈥淢align creativity is the greatest challenge to identifying and taking action against gendered abuse and disinformation. To give you a little bit more of an idea about what we mean when we say malign creativity, these are the ways that abusers get around detection on platforms, so often you鈥檒l see things like the word 鈥渂itch鈥� spelled with an 鈥�!鈥� instead of the letter 鈥渋鈥�, or special spacing that again allows these people to avoid detection by automated detection algorithms.鈥�

  鈥淭he onus of reporting is on targets鈥攁nd detection for that matter鈥攔ather than these multibillion-dollar corporations detecting and identifying gender-based abuse and harassment, they rely on reports from women like us who are enduring it. One focus group participant said, 鈥業t is largely a content moderation problem that really puts the burden on the individual being attacked to report the harassment. And then they鈥檙e in wait-mode and you don鈥檛 know if you鈥檙e going to get a response in 24 hours鈥攎aybe the best-case scenario鈥攐r several days, or maybe there will be no action whatsoever.鈥� One of our interviewees described the act of shielding oneself form abuse as exhausting, this blocking and reporting and muting that you need to do, all while essentially reliving this trauma that is being directed at you in order to get rid of the content.鈥� 

  鈥淚t鈥檚 not just silly memes on the internet. In the short term, women are disengaging from public life. One of our focus group participants said 鈥榦ften times, my solution is to lock down my account or I go completely offline and I don鈥檛 post for days. You don鈥檛 feel safe to continue speaking, so you don鈥檛 speak.鈥欌��

• Jillian Hunchak

  鈥淒isinformation narratives overwhelmingly targeted Kamala Harris. 78% of all of our disinformation data collected was directed specifically at her. While Kamala Harris was the main target of most of these narratives, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez was also targeted in each category.鈥� 

  鈥淣arratives like these [sexual disinformation] ultimately target the subject鈥檚 political qualifications, their ability to do their jobs, and ultimately just aim to distract from their political work and focus attention on very sexist ideas on what sorts of activities women engage in especially to advance their careers.鈥� 

  鈥淩acialized narratives discredit the subject鈥檚 ethnic identities. One of these was directed at Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez which argued that she was not the working-class Latina that she claimed to be, but actually a wealthy, privileged, effectively Caucasian women. This narrative is represented here at the bottom by the keyword 鈥榮andy cortez鈥� which as you can see is the most recorded keyword within this category. And 鈥榮andy cortez鈥� is a nickname that congresswoman Ocasio-Cortez allegedly used to use in college, and it鈥檚 been weaponized against her to sort of strip her of her Latin name and bring to mind the image of a white, privileged person.鈥� 

• Alexandra Pavliuc

  鈥淯sers who engage with one narrative tend to engage with others, such as the transphobic narrative that Kamala Harris is a man named 鈥榢amal aroush鈥� and that she isn鈥檛 actually black and should therefore not claim to represent black people. Second, this again demonstrates the intersectionality of the attacks against Kamala Harris and we also observed quite similar intersectionality鈥攁s has been mentioned鈥攁bout Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Ilhan Omar. 

  鈥淲e can see that a number of grey users cross-posted calls for sexual and often abusive fantasies about Ocasio-Cortez on multiple red erotic and role-play subreddits. Some of these calls included users seeking political role-plays about conservative politicians or Trump supporters having rough sex with Ocasio-Cortez, as well as role-plays about liberals degrading Ivanka Trump鈥� This context demonstrates the degree to which a young female politician can be sexualized and fetishized online, a trend which demeans her credibility as a serious politician.鈥� 

  鈥淲hat these networks show us is that these individuals are engaging in repetitive, abusive behavior, and platforms should be able to detect this behavior鈥攋ust like we have鈥攖o see that it violates some of their spam and harassment policies and that they need to take appropriate action.鈥�